Instrument Type |
PI |
Period and coverage |
References |
|
Pre-Agung
quiescent period (1958-1962) |
||||
North America balloon-borne impactor flights |
|
|||
Casella/General-Mills
inertial impactors: profile of particle concentrations (Dp>100nm) |
Christian Junge, deceased (US AFCRL, Bedford, Massachussetts, USA) |
Sioux
Falls (43.5°N) Casella
impactor - 22nd,23rd Jul 1957; 11th,18th Apr,26th Aug,
10th,19th Nov 1958; 12th, 15th, 16th, 17th May
1959; 24th Sep 1959 General
Mills impactor - 27th Jun 1960, 25th Sep 1960, 23rd
Oct 1960 |
Junge,
C. E., C. W. Chagnon and J. E. Manson (1961):
Stratospheric Aerosols, Journal of Meteorology, vol. 18, 81-108. |
|
India balloon-borne impactor flights |
|
|||
General-Mills inertial impactor: profile of particle concentrations (Dp>100nm) |
Christian
Junge, deceased (US AFCRL, Bedford, Massachusetts) |
1 balloon
sounding at Hyderabad (17.5°N) (4th April 1961) |
Chagnon,
C. W. and Junge, C. E. (1961) The vertical
distribution of sub-micron particles in the stratosphere, Journal of
Meteorology, vol. 18, 746-752. |
|
North America balloon-borne nuclei counter
flights |
|
|||
Nuclei counter (Aitken-type expansion
growth chamber, water as working fluid) measuring vertical profile of particle
concentrations (10<Dp<100nm) |
Christian
Junge, US AFCRL, deceased) |
Denver (39.7°N):
25th Jun 1959. |
Junge,
C. E., C. W. Chagnon and J. E. Manson (1961):
Stratospheric Aerosols, Journal of Meteorology, vol. 18, 81-108. Junge,
C. E. (1961) Vertical profiles of condensation nuclei in the stratosphere,
Journal of Meteorology, vol. 18, 501-509. |
|
Searchlight data |
|
|||
US Army
60-inch anti-aircraft searchlight (General Electric Company model 1942) and
8-inch photo-multiplier detector (type C7140), see Elterman
(1951). Vertical
profiles of scattered signals from searchlight using broadband emission (designed
for density measurements) conducted at Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA). Note
20.5km separation between searchlight (Cedro Peak,
2.4km altitude) and detector (Sandia Crest, 3.5km altitude). Needs
reprocessing (with searchlight algorithms) for single-wavelength aerosol
scattering. |
Louis Elterman,, deceased |
1950, 8 profiles Aug (1), Sep (4), Oct (3) (Elterman 1951) 1952, 5 profiles October (Elterman
1953) |
L. Elterman, A series of stratospheric temperature profiles
obtained with the searchlight technique, J. Geophys.
Res., 58, 519-530 (1953). |
|
High-altitude airborne in-situ impactor
samples from 1960-1962 Project Stardust U-2 flights |
|
|||
U-2
impaction-type particle collector samples – impaction onto surfaces of carbon
on nitrocellulose film on electron-microscope specimen grids (see Stebbins,
1961, section 3, pages 20- 29; and Friend, 1966 for details on the
instrumentation and analysis methods). |
James
Friend, deceased (Isotopes Inc, Westwood, New
Jersey, USA) |
Data for 8 samples in 1960 (5 of which are
tropical/sub-tropical, see Table 3 page 29 of Stebbins, 1961; and Figures 8
and 12 of Junge & Manson, 1961) and 9 NH
mid-latitude samples in 1962 (see Tables 1-3 of Friend, 1966) |
Friend,
J. P. (1966): Properties of the stratospheric aerosol, Tellus,
18, 465-473. |
|